Cartography    Exam #1 Review

 


Terms

Ptolemy

Mercator

Erastosthenes

Idrisi

Scientific generalization

replicative & abstract symbols

map design

geoid vs. ellipsoid

geodesy

GPS

loxodrome

great circle arc

Tissot’s indicatrix

standard lines and points

derived maps

qualitative and quantitative thematic maps

mollweide projection

Hammer projection

Boggs eumorphic projection

Lambert equal-area azimuthal proj.

Albers equal-area projection

Gall-Peters projection

State Plane coordinate System

UTM system

map accuracy

variables vs. values vs. array

skewness and kurtosis

regression line

residuals from regression

digitizer

normal distribution

mode, mean, median

Clarke ellipsoid of 1866

Geodetic Reference System (GRS80)

standard lines and points


 

 

Questions/Discussion

 

1.  Briefly list and characterize the major historical periods of cartography.

 

2. Provide a definition of cartography.  How is geographic cartography different?

 

3.  What are the two main kinds of maps?  (mental maps would make up a 3rd)  Provide examples of each. 

 

4.  What are the four operations in the cartographic abstraction and generalization process?  Explain and provide examples of each.

 

5.  Be familiar with the system of latitude and longitude (geographic grid)

 

6.  What are the three methods of expressing map scale on a map?  Know specifically how to use RF.

 

7.  All maps have some distortion.  What are the four types of possible distortion (and thus the four mapping methods used to minimize this)?

 

8.  What are the three main projection families?  Explain each and provide examples.

 

 

 

 

 

 

9.  What five elements “must be carefully considered in the selection of a map projection”?  Explain each.

 

10.  Are there any rules that should govern the process of changing map scale from one map to another?  Explain.

 

11.  What are the 4 measurement scales?  (pp.74-75; and chap.5)   Provide specific examples of each.

 

12.  What are the three derived indices used by geographers?  Define and provide an example of each. 

 

13.  What are the major methods used to summarize data distributions for nominal data, ordinal data, and interval and ratio data?  Briefly provide an equation and explanation for each.

 

14.  What are the methods listed in your textbook used to measure aerial concentration and association?  Briefly provide an equation and explanation for each.

 

15.  What is classification?  Why do scientists classify objects or events?

 

16.  What three processes comprise map use?  Explain each. 

 

17.  What is the art in cartography?

 

18.  Be able to recognize the “code of ethics” for the thematic cartographer (p.19).

 

19.  Be familiar with the material on all labs.